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Les ministères, les sociétés d’État et les organismes du gouvernement de la Saskatchewan travaillent à réduire au minimum les répercussions de l’interruption des services postaux.

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Feed Production Economics

By Dwayne Summach, PAg, Livestock and Feed Extension Specialist, Outlook

October 2025

Preserving feed efficiently for winter use can be done in many ways, each affecting overall profitability. Options include stockpiling grass during the growing season for dormant-season grazing, baling hay or greenfeed or making silage.

Multiple dried hay bales in a green field
Second cut alfalfa

The cost to make stored feed is dependent on several factors. The capital investment in feed making equipment can have a substantial range – older equipment can be used but the risk of a critical component breaking during the harvest window can result in substantial quality loss. Newer equipment may be less prone to breakdowns, but the increased capital investment contributes to increased depreciation costs. No matter the equipment, harvest efficiency will affect the cost structure. Harvest efficiency is heavily influenced by yield – higher yielding crops result in lower cost per ton of feed.

One cost that remains constant, regardless of yield, will be the cost of transporting the feed. Every bale or every ton of silage will be moved from where it is produced to where it will be stored prior to feeding. Costs can add up when transporting feed a significant distance, so the shortest possible distance is ideal. This can be achieved when the feed is stored and fed in the field where it was grown.

Loading costs are minimized when bales are left grouped together in a field using an accumulator – this method requires additional equipment investment. Selecting a mode of transport that minimizes additional equipment and labour may also lower transportation costs. Self-loading and unloading bale trailers do not require an extra tractor to load in the field, though they may not carry as many bales as a semi-truck and flat deck trailer unit.

According to the 2024-25 Custom Rate and Rental Guide, the cost to cut and condition a hay crop is usually between $19 and $28 per acre. The cost to roll up a 5’ x 6’ round bale is $15 to $19 per bale, and transportation costs will likely fall in between $3.75 to $6.50 per bale depending on the equipment used and distance.

Assigning appropriate equipment costs to feed production is a significant component of determining feed costs on a livestock operation. For additional information on calculating feed production costs contact your local livestock and feed extension specialist or the Agriculture Knowledge Centre at 1-866-457-2377.